{"id":271,"date":"2022-09-29T14:53:52","date_gmt":"2022-09-29T14:53:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/memons.net\/?page_id=271"},"modified":"2022-12-15T20:31:02","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T20:31:02","slug":"3-evidence","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/memons.net\/memons\/3-evidence\/","title":{"rendered":"3 Evidence"},"content":{"rendered":"

Views: 1099<\/p>\n

OUR EVIDENCE OF MUSLIM REVERSION<\/a><\/h1>\n\n\n\n

James Campbell wrote in the Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency of 1880 volume 5 about the conversion of Luhana Hindus to Musalmaan, as he called it and then their population that was found in Cutch. There were several Volumes he wrote and publish. I was able to locate his volume 5 and found couple of pages where he mentions the conversion, or I say reversion to Islam of 700 families in 1541 and movement later on from Thatta to Cutch. I did type two pages from the Gazetteer and then I copied the pictures of these pages for the readers as evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bombay Presidency Gazetteer 1880 by James Campbell<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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BOMBAY GAZETTEER 1880 AD \u2013 CUTCH<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Samma\u2019s numbering 7000 souls are found in the cast and west of the province. With the bulk of their tribe, they were probably converted to Islam in Sind about the close of the fourteenth century and are the late settlers in Cutch. Of more than average height and strength, they are dark with flat noses and faces, long necks, thick lank hair, and beards. They speak a mixture of Cutchi and Sindi. Careless and untidy, they are brave, hardworking, honest, hospitable, and though hot-tempered generally well-behaved. Cultivators, cattle-breeders, and dealers, they are as regards food and clothing well off, but most of them have to borrow to meet the expenses of their leading family ceremonies. Sunnis in faith, the Sammas of the west keep their Hindu bards and have also spiritual guide, pirs. Those in the east honour the ordinary maulvis. Generally marrying among themselves their sons sometimes take wives from among the Musalman tribes of Notiars, Hingolas, and Abdas and from Sodha Rajputa. They never give their daughters to any but Sammas. Disputes are very rare and settled by their headman the Jam, who lives in Kunaria. They keep to their old Rajput names and at public dinners eat from separate pots. But their birth, marriage and death customs do not differ much from those other Musalmans. They give their children no schooling and show no signs of improving their position.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Memans, numbering 6178 souls, are partly immigrants from Sind, partly Cutch converts chiefly Lohanas by caste. The Sind Memans are said to be Lohanas converted in 1433 (838H) and named behevers, momins by the celebrated saint Syed Yusuf-ud-din descendant of Syed Abd-ul-kadir Jilani, the saint of saints, Piranpir of Baghdad. The story of their conversion is that Sundarji and Hansraj two men of the Lohana caste, lived at Nagar Tatta then the capital of Sind governed by Markabkhan a ruler tributary to the Ghazni Kings. Seeing some miracles performed by the Saint, who said to have come there in 1422, they became Musalmans (1433) and were by him named Adamji and Taj Muhammad. Their example was followed by about 700 Lohana families, Sundarji or Adamji being (1541) made their head, sheth. Under his grandson Kat, they, at the invitation of Ray Khengarji, emigrated to Cutch, where their numbers were increased by converts from among the Cutchi Lohanas. They shaved their heads, wear long beards, and speak Cutchi without any peculiarities. Neither very neat nor cleanly, they are hardworking, honest, sober, and quiet. Memans follow all professions, those living in villages being cultivators. Their state is middling, with enough for food and clothes, but pressed to meet special demands. Sunnis in faith they are religious and follow the regular Kazi. In their marriage and other ceremonies, they do not differ from other Sunnis. They form a distinct community settling their caste by a committee of five. Though giving their children little schooling they are a pushing, rising class, ready to take to any new calling and going to distant countries to make their fortunes. Many Cutch Memans, prospering as traders in Kurrachee, Bombay, the Malabar coast, Haiderabad, Madras, Calcutta and Zanzibar, have in their native villages built mosques, rest-houses, caste-houses, jamat-khanas, wells and ponds, and set apart funds for the charitable distribution of grain. They dress like other Cutch Musalmans and, except that at public feasts they use sweetmeats instead of mutton, there is nothing special in their food. They perform the sacrifice, akika, but seldom the initiation bismillah ceremony. They have a special spiritual guide, pir, living in Bhuj, who goes by the name Bhid Valo Pir, his own name being Muhammad Shah, to whom fixed yearly payments are made. They are also in habit of becoming disciples, murids whom they pay certain yearly fees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The few Musalman Khatri families found in different parts of the Cutch, are said to have come from Sind about the middle of the sixteenth century (1544), and to have adopted Islam because of some dispute with their priests, Brahamans of the Sarasvat caste. The men shaved the head and wear the beard, and to look at do not differ from Cutchi Musalmans. They wear the common Cutch dress, and their women dress like the Meman women. They are fair with flat faces, long ears and high prominent foreheads. They speak Cutchi with no noticeable peculiarities. Generally neat, they are hardworking, honest, sober, thrifty and orderly. They work as dyers, carpenters, turners and cultivators, and their women are skilled in embroidery and frilling. As a class they are well-to-do, able to meet all expenses and save. Sunnis in faith they are religious following the ordinary Sunni maulvis. Marrying among themselves they form a distinct community, settling disputes by persons chosen for the purpose. Hindu Khatris wishing to join their class are sometimes admitted. Their customs do not differ from those of other Sunnis. Though well-to-do they are not a rising class, giving their children no teaching and taking no new pursuits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kumbhars numbering 6000 souls, are found in almost all Cutch villages. They are said to have come from Sind about the middle of the sixteenth century. Probably converts from Hindu caste of the same name, they claim descent from the Halimah, the Prophet\u2019s nurse. Both men and women are well-made and have good features. Their home tongue is Cutchi. Hardworking and seldom neat, they are honest, a few of them thrifty, mild-tempered, and, according to their means, hospitable. Potters and ass-breeders they are in middling condition and stinted for food or clothes, some of them indebted, but almost all with credit. Sunnis in faith, besides a special pir, they honour Sunni maulvis. Forming, as regards marriage, a distinct community, disputes are settled by an officer chosen by themselves and named prince, mehtar. Below, I have attached the actual pages (93 and 94) from the Gazetteer of Bombay Presidency 1880 Volume 5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BOMBAY GAZETTEER 1880 AD \u2013 Page 93<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Continued:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

History of Memons by Abraz ul Haq 1873 AD:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Writer Abraz ul Haq, few years earlier than James Campbell in 1873, wrote the story of Memons who reverted to Islam. His story is the same as James Campbell and mentions close to 700 Hindu Lohana families in Thatta, today\u2019s Pakistan, reverted to Islam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What I tried was to type Abrazul Haq\u2019s original Urdu write up and I will copy it write here, as well as the original evidence from the book and translation in English so readers can enjoy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u062a\u0632\u06a9\u0631\u06c1<\/strong> \u0633\u06a9\u0648\u0646\u062a<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong> \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/strong> \u0642\u0648\u0645<\/strong> \u0645\u06cc\u0645\u0646<\/strong> \u0628\u06c1<\/strong> \u0635\u062d\u062a<\/strong> \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Translation in English:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

According to the narration, the original Azand Jushi Hans Raj Bin Ramani’s daughter Joshi Bhujani Murshid Qaum Lohana

<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1478 In Gujarati 1343 Shastri, Pir Yusufuddin Sahib came to Sindh from country Arab. At that time, the ruler of Sindh was Murkab Khan, and his minister was Ayub Khan. At that time this ruler was paying 1\/6th<\/sup> of his income to Mahmood Khan Ghaznavi. After listening to so many miracles of Pir Saheb he went to meet Pir Sahib and he stayed there and treated Pir Sahib very well and kept good friendship with Pir Sahib. During that time Lohana community\u2019s great Leaders were Seth Sunderji and Hansraj bin Rohi.  It was a great honor – Hakim Sindh used to believe in Pir Sahib very much, so all these Seths also started believing in Pir Sahib so much that one day they went to Pir Sahib and these two Seths joined hands and said that we ask you that you bring us into your religion. Pir Sahib said very good. Both Seths became Muslim at the hands of Pir Sahib at that time and Pir Sahib had such a miracle that whoever saw his face became Muslim when he was the chief. If they became Muslims, then because of them seven hundred families became Muslims. When the leaders of this community became Muslims. Lohanas had 84 castes and in Sindhi language the caste is called KONKH. When these 700 families accepted Islam, the other Lohanas were very worried and hoped that the whole of their castes do not become Muslims. There were four Gurus, one was Joshi Patel Mul, the second was Joshi Odhomal, the third was Joshi Nandmal, the fourth was Joshi Hall Mul. The Hindu Lohanas went to these four Gurus and said that if this Pir Sahib stay here, then all of the Lohanas will become Muslims. The four Gurus said that those who are in Hindu Dharam should not become Muslims and recommended them to, “Go to the sea, worship the sea there. They went to the sea and did a lot of worship there. Then the sea told them to go to their homes, and you will be released from their hands and whoever became a Muslim will be a Muslim but no additional one will be a Muslim now. When this order was received from the sea, everyone was very happy and went home. In fact, after few days in 1481 Gujrati, Pir Sahab went back to Arabastaan. This is the case with all the perfectionist Joshi Hansraj bin Ramani and his son Joshi Bahujaji, the Guru of the nation of Lohana, among the descendants of the Joshis whose first mention is that they were the Gurus of all Lohanas. In their Sindhi scriptures meaning it is copied in joparen in Gujrati that the amount has been exceeded only in the country of Sindh, only in Sindhi Mota meaning Lohanas had 84 castes and in Sindhi, caste is called KONKH. All castes (Jamaats) heads were Hansraj bin Raoji bin Maneckji. They were Hindus and were later converted to Islam. This phrase is very common except that the ruler of Sindh at that time was Murkab Khan and his minister was Ayub Khan. Throne of Sindh, city of Nagar Thattha and the Sultan of Sindh was Mahmood Ghaznavi. Murkab Khan paid 1\/6th of the income to the Sultan. It was 837H. According to Al-Aqisa Azbar-e-Akhbar-e-Syria, after the occupation of Sindh by the people of Sindh during the rule of Murkab Khan, the ruler of Kabul was captured and Ghazni was conquered. Hazrat Pir Yusuf Qadri Rehmat-ul-Allah Alayh and Amjad Hazrat Syed Tajuddin Abdul Razzaq Quds Sirhain Qiblah Abdul Qadir Jilani and Gilani Quds Surah visited the country of Sindh. At the time of ruling, Murkab Khan and Wazir Ayub Khan were both disciples of Hazrat Mazkoor. Of these, Sundarji had the position of Sargrohi Jamaat and was very influential in Darbar Murkab Khan. It is said that most of the people of Lazfi nation and disciples of Hazrat Seth Raoji bin Maneck ji had three children. Sundararji and Hansraj accepted Islam while the third one stayed Hindu. Sundar ji was named Adam and Hans Raj was named Taj Muhammad. He selected a proper day for a celebration by presenting them with appropriate clothing (POSHAK).  At that time four garments came for them. The first garment was given by Hazrat Inayat. The second garment was given by Shah Ghazni, the third one was from Governor Sindh Murkab Khan, and the fourth one was from the whole community. It is speculated that the second garment may have come from Kabul.<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mention of the residence and children of the nation of Memons in good health<\/u><\/strong>

Adam Seth had a house near Nagar Thatta, a town of Sardar Mouza and Amen. He took up residence there. There was a son Markan and Hazrat named him Ruknuddin who came to Cutch at that time. The capital of Cutch was Gujarat. The ruler was named Vahanka Rao Sahib Khingarji. It was 1597 Gujrati when people attended the ceremony of Kunna Seth and arrived in Cutch. Leader of Cutch Rao Sahib gave a clothing (POSHAK) to Kunna Seth and gave him the title of Seth. In 1644 Gujrati Rao Sahib\u2019s son Bahar Mulji took over as he passed away. After 46 years of rule and long illness he also passed away in 1688 Gujrati. He also built a new house named Mamna Mohalla. He also built a mosque called Da Kanji. A Sahibzada from Hazrat Pir’s descendants came and settled on the site of the construction of a mosque. Dandru, a son of Laddu, built a well outside the city of Bhuj. He named it Dandra well and built a lodge. Dandru’s son named Mehraeen. One of the sons of Nibhau was named Wind Weir. He built a well and a cabin between the two cities of Bhuj and Tumri.  He had a son named Zakaria who built a well near Hamid Talab. Zakaria had a son named Saradin. He built a well on the way to Mandvi. He named it Sunaider. One between the city of Jhri and the city of Tomari Suleiman, a son of Shakardin, built a lodge and a mosque in Bhuj. This became the purpose of rebuilding and maintaining the houses and shrines of the elders etc. They spent a lot of money in charity and served the elders.  Sahibna is Seth and her father’s name is Seth Suleiman. By nickname Mankani they say that the original language is Gujarati, but it is still with Sahibna Seth. The descendants of Qadri Razzaq have written to Hazrat Pir Quds Surah, a resident of the city of Mandar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

From beginning to end it is correctly copied from original without any deletions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The original extract was in three different languages mixed, Urdu, Persian and Arabic.\u00a0 It was truly a difficult job, but I tried to do the best I could. Those who know how to read Urdu will be able to pickup the gist of it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Views: 1099 OUR EVIDENCE OF MUSLIM REVERSION James Campbell wrote in the Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency of 1880 volume 5 about the conversion of Luhana Hindus to Musalmaan, as he called it and then their population that was found in Cutch. There were several Volumes he wrote and publish. I was able to locate\u2026 Read More »<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-271","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n3 Evidence - Memon Community bringing Unity with Care<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/memons.net\/memons\/3-evidence\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"3 Evidence - Memon Community bringing Unity with Care\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Views: 1099 OUR EVIDENCE OF MUSLIM REVERSION James Campbell wrote in the Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency of 1880 volume 5 about the conversion of Luhana Hindus to Musalmaan, as he called it and then their population that was found in Cutch. There were several Volumes he wrote and publish. 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